Introduction to the Temple of Hercules the Victorious: The Temple of Hercules the Victorious (Italian: Tempio di Ercole Vincitore) is a circular ancient Roman temple building located in the Piazza della Colosseum in Rome, Italy. (Forum Boarium), was once mistaken for the Temple of Vesta because of the Greek-style colonnades surrounding the temple. In 1132, the temple was converted into a church and dedicated to Santo Stefano alle Carozze. In 1475, frescoes on the altar were added. In the 17th century, the patronage of the church was changed to Santa Maria del Sole.