Introduction to Campo dei Fiori: Campo dei Fiori is the only square in Rome without a church. It is rectangular and is the only way from the Basilica of St. John Lateran to the Vatican. There are many shops in the square. In the Middle Ages, executions were often carried out in public here, and there was a permanent gallows. After 1869, the square was opened as a vegetable and fish market every morning except Sunday, and vendors of flowers, groceries, etc. also gathered here.