Travel Notes·Silk Road|Hexi Road is a ruthless poem

Year of Jihai, Xinwei month, Renyin day

The descendants of Jinling

Since Chang'an

Enter Jincheng

Crossing the Hexi Corridor

Visit four counties

Finally reached two levels

Looking to the Western Regions

Revisiting the Silk Road

View the four seasons of Qinyue and Hanguan,

Looking at the poems of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties,

Head west in one breath and climb up the stairs.

one

The trees are green in the evening, and Chang'an is close to the sunset.
The wind returns to sober up the wine, and the drizzle wets the luggage.
The dust on the edge of the battle is black, and the grass is yellow in the autumn.
Knowing the city of horses is not like learning from King Yan.

——Cen Shen of the Tang Dynasty "Sending He Cheng to the Capital Market"

Chang'an

The eastern starting point of the ancient Silk Road. One of the four ancient civilization capitals in the world. At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the area was the fief of Chang'an Lord, the younger brother of Qin Shihuang, so it was called "Chang'an". Then Liu Bang established Guanzhong as his capital. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty, he established Chang'an County and moved the capital here. He named it Chang'an City with the meaning of "long-lasting peace and stability". In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang pacified the south, he successfully conquered the west and changed Chang'an to Xi'an.

"When will I go buy Yanggu wine for the soup cake customer?"

Six o'clock in Chang'an,

Guanzhong noodles are different from mutton steamed buns.

This trip has high mountains and long roads,

If there is fate,

See you again on Hexi Road someday.

two

To the west of the north tower, you can see the clear sky and the water-filled mountains.
The sound of the rapids on the rapids is like an arrow, and the waning moon above the city is as powerful as a bow.
The hanging pole has already envy the old Feng River, and the body path still thinks of the old man plugged in.
To ask what's going on in the side court, the Qiang Di has endless complaints to this day.

——"Jincheng North Tower" by Gao Shi of the Tang Dynasty

Jincheng

It was an important transportation thoroughfare and commercial port on the ancient Silk Road. It is an important intersection of Yellow River culture, Silk Road culture, Central Plains culture and Western Regions culture. The county government was established in the Western Han Dynasty and was called Jincheng, which means "Jincheng Tangchi". In the early Sui Dynasty, the Lanzhou General Administration Office was renamed Lanzhou.

"The Tao Yun Long grass has been exhausted, and the road to Lanzhou is the end of the road.

Who believes that the journey to the west starts from now on, one level of heaven is beyond the other. "

During the summer flood season, clouds are yellow and grass is white,

Say goodbye to the mother of the Yellow River who nurtured China,

Let’s go to Longshang.

叁

The luminous cup of grape wine reminds you immediately if you want to drink Pipa.

Don't laugh when you are lying drunk on the battlefield. How many people have fought in ancient times.

——"Liangzhou Ci" by Wang Han of Tang Dynasty

Liangzhou

An important hub of the ancient Silk Road, it is one of the four counties in Hexi. The birthplace of Yongliang culture was once the military, political, economic and cultural center of the northwest. China Wine City. The Zhou Dynasty was the land of Yongzhou. In the third year of Yuanshuo in the Western Han Dynasty (126 BC), Emperor Wu, because of his gold industry and the cold land, renamed Yongzhou Liangzhou and controlled all the lands in Hexi. In the second year of Yuan Shou in the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Hussar General Huo Qubing to an expedition to Hexi and defeated the Xiongnu. In order to demonstrate the "martial power and military might" of the Han Empire, it was named Wuwei.

"Green vines cover the front eaves and are full of pearls in Luosuo Garden."

The grapes are green and invisible among the vines,

If you are not in a hurry,

Wait until it is ripe and pick it at will.

winemaking,

Have fun drinking,

Drunk and lying down,

Dreaming about Liangzhou.

Wooden stone tomb,

Seeing people idle for a few days, the tripod is in the evening.

Ask who made the five soldiers, the sound will help the world to regenerate gold.

Over the past hundred years, China has traveled thousands of miles,

Look at the floating clouds and the northwest with tears on your lap.

The green mountains are beautiful, but one of them is not finished yet, and we can climb them together.

——Yuan Yuanhaowen's "Eight Sounds of Ganzhou"

Ganzhou

An important town on the ancient Silk Road, it is one of the four counties in Hexi. Because there are sweet springs all over the city and the spring water is clear and sweet, it was called "Ganzhou" in ancient times, which is where the name "Gan" in Gansu Province comes from. In the sixth year of Yuanding in the Han Dynasty, it was named Zhangye, which means "the arm of Zhang State to connect the Western Regions".

"If you don't look at the snow on the top of Qilian Mountain, you mistake Zhangye for Jiangnan."

Bell and Drum Towers dominate the city.

Then you know that this is the northwest,

Not Jiangnan.

Strictly guard the boundary of a hundred feet to the west, and recruit people from thousands of miles away.

The flying pavilion is far away from the Qin trees, and the winding walls are leaning against the long clouds.
The Tianshan Mountains are craggy and stand shoulder to shoulder, and the vast sea is mesmerizing.

Who said that Weihan is safe through the ages? Looking back, I saw only a ball of mud.

——Lin Zexu, Qing Dynasty, "Comment on the Journey to Jiayuguan Pass"

Jiayuguan

The transportation fortress of the ancient Silk Road and the throat of Hexi. It is known as "the most magnificent pass in the world". One of the three wonders of the Great Wall of China. Connected to Suzhou in the east, Yumen in the west, backed by Heishan Mountains and Qilian in the south, it is an important defense area in the west. Due to the dangerous terrain and majestic architecture, it is known as the key to the border.

"There is no limit to the vastness of the Western Sea, and a sick scholar feels ashamed to be in a state of isolation."

The majesty of Jiayu,

It is difficult to defeat a tiger,

If you rely on book business to be successful,

I have to look to the ocean.

land

There are many branches in the world, and they are so far away that they want to go to heaven.

I send you to hold the Han Festival and blow the trumpet to defend the border.
Asked about the customs of Qingxi Sea, and wrote poems about Jiuquan.

The Qiang Rong people bowed down and did not dare to go to Juyan.

——Cheng Keze, Ming Dynasty, "Prepare troops to Suzhou"

suzhou

An important town on the ancient Silk Road, it is one of the four counties in Hexi. It was named Suzhou because of "Su Zhen Guo Wei", which is the origin of the word "Su" in the name of Gansu Province. In the second year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Huo Qubing went south from Juyan, attacked the Xiaoyue clan, and defeated the Xiongnu. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave a jar of wine to reward the meritorious soldiers. Huo Qubing poured wine into the spring and drank with all the soldiers, and there was a wine spring. .

“If heaven does not love wine, the wine star will not be in the sky.

If the earth does not love wine, there should be no fountains of wine. "

Jiuquan belongs to the champion prince, and Li Bai belongs to the Tang Dynasty.

Jiuquan belonged to the banished immortal, and it belonged to Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty.

seven

The rain is passing over the city, and the orioles are climbing up the garrison.

The flowers in the plugs make visitors cry, and the willows on the edges hang with homesickness.
White hair is a mirror of sorrow, youth is replaced by old fur.

Your envoy from thousands of miles away has heard that you have arrived in Guazhou.

——Tang Cen Shen's "Wen Yuwen Returns the Judge to the West"

Guazhou

An important merchant town on the ancient Silk Road, it is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor. The honeydew melons produced in this area are unique and have been called Guazhou since the Spring and Autumn Period.

"If you want to know the taste of aventurine, Qingmen five-color melon."

Guazhou has something to rely on.

Only the best three colors are chosen.

Who are the green, red and orange?

Cantaloupe, watermelon, cantaloupe.

eight

The spring is late in Baima Jintou, and the geese returning to Shazhou are blowing the flags.

There are only military dramas in Liuying, unlike in March in the south of the Yangtze River.

——Liu Yuxi of the Tang Dynasty, "Recollections of the Wild Events in the South of the Yangtze River"

Shazhou

A famous node city on the ancient Silk Road and one of the four counties in Hexi. It is home to the World Heritage Mogao Grottoes and Yumen Pass and Yang Pass on the border of the Great Wall of Han Dynasty. It is surrounded by Gobi desert and is located on the eastern edge of the Taklimakan Desert. It was named Shazhou in ancient times. In the sixth year of Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the county of Dunhuang was established according to "Dun means big country; Huang means Shengye".

"The brave men of Dunhuang hugged their weapons and wept, and the sound of beards and bamboo sticks on all sides became more and more urgent."

But there is a flying girl under the moon,

The pipa song bounces back and chants.

Jiu

Far up the Yellow River among the white clouds, there is an isolated city called Wanren Mountain.

Why bamboo flute complain willow, spring is not degree Pass.

——"Liangzhou Ci" by Wang Zhihuan of Tang Dynasty

Yumen Pass

The only pass on the northern route of the ancient Silk Road. The former site is in today's small Fangpan City northwest of Dunhuang, Gansu Province. It was first placed when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty opened the road to the Western Regions and "organized four counties and occupied two passes" in Hexi. It was named because the jade imported from the Western Regions took this route. During the Han Dynasty, it was the gateway to all parts of the Western Regions and a strategic location that ancient military strategists fought for.

"The banners of the Han family are all over the Yin Mountains, and they don't send horses to return them.

If I wish to have this life and serve my country, why should I be born in Yumen Pass? "

At that time, men were very ambitious.

There is a barrier between the inside and outside of Jade Gate.

The thought of home and country in a foreign land,

But it is true that Loulan will never return it.

pickup

The dusk clouds are all overflowing with coldness, and the silver man turns the jade plate silently.
This life and this night will not last long. Where can I see the bright moon next year?

——Su Shi of the Song Dynasty, "Yangguan Song·Mid-Autumn Moon"

Yang Guan

The only pass on the southern route of the ancient Silk Road. It is located near Gutan, southwest of Dunhuang, Gansu. The pass was built in the Western Han Dynasty and was named Yangguan because it was located to the south of Yumen Pass. Together with Yumen Pass, it was the gateway to all parts of the Western Regions at that time. The pass is based on the water, and the pass is dangerous based on the river. The two passes correspond to each other from the north to the south.

"My clothes are wet with tears and full of powder,

Four stacks of Yangguan, sung thousands of times. "

The old biography "Yangguan" has three layers,

However, singers in this world only repeat each line.

Traveling west to this point,

Please have another drink,

Don't be afraid to exchange mink fur for wine elsewhere,

I'm just afraid that there will be no old friends when I leave Yangguan in the west.

On the sixth day of the sixth lunar month of Jihai, I passed through Yangguan. I hope you will take good care of me from now on.

Young people often encounter strange things.

Hearings, experiences, and aspirations.

one

Mogao Grottoes were first built in the second year of Jianyuan in the Qin Dynasty. There was a monk named Yue Fu, who practiced pure precepts and had a peaceful mind. He once walked in the woods with a staff and stopped at this mountain. Suddenly, he saw a golden light and a thousand Buddhas. He then dug a hole in the cave and built a niche. Later, Zen Master Faliang came from the east and built next to Master Fu's niche. The rise of the monastery was initiated by these two monks. In addition, the governor Jianping Gong, the King of Dongyang, and others each built a cave. It is a large cave. Later, the common people of Hezhou continued to build caves there. It is indeed a secluded cave with beautiful scenery and a pure land with mysterious spirits.

——"The Monument of Li Kerang Building the Buddhist Shrine in Mogao Grottoes" of the Tang Dynasty

Secrets of Mogao Grottoes

Waiting for me for a thousand years

already here

Mona Lisa of the East

Sleeping Buddha and Nine-story Pagoda

Confession of Taoist Wang

no one heard

Flying Bounce Pipa

Cave 237

two

Mingsha Mountain is ten miles away from the state. The mountain is eighty miles from east to west and forty miles from north to south. At a height of five hundred feet, pure sand gathers. This mountain is magical, and its peaks look like they were carved into pieces.

——"Dunhuang Records" of the Five Dynasties

Feelings of Mingsha Mountain

I saw its tears

Witness and fulfillment

It’s from the Silk Road

it's a desert oasis

Touching the hump for the first time

carefully

Replacing the sound of yellow sand

camel bell bursts

叁

There is a spring in Mingsha Mountain called Shajing. Throughout the ages, the sand has never been filled, and the water is extremely sweet.

——"Yuanhe County Chronicles" of the Tang Dynasty

Crescent Moon Spring secret language

There is life and hope here

it tells me

Birds flying across the blue sky

i saw

The bright eyes of the desert

it is the mirror of heaven

Sand and water symbiosis

Mountain springs coexist

In the past, Gonggong competed with Zhuanxu to be emperor, and in anger he touched the mountains of Buzhou, causing the pillars of heaven to break and the earth to remain intact. The sky tilts to the northwest, so the sun, moon and stars move away; the earth is not satisfied with the southeast, so the water and dust return to the ground.

——"Huainanzi Tianwen Xun" of the Western Han Dynasty

Colorful Danxia said

You owe me a sunset

Remember to pass it on

The heat is divided between the left and right

Who grilled the pork belly?

No color either

Even though majestic

Mountains elsewhere

from now on

Steamed cakes, soup cakes, golden cakes, and suo cakes are all named according to their shapes.

——"Shi Ming·Shi Diet" of the Eastern Han Dynasty

The name Suo Cake is now Suo Mian, and the northwest is called Tu Mian.

——"Jiugu Kao" in the Qing Dynasty

Northwest Food Diary

Temporary severance of relations

Braised chicken with yellow noodle pancake and sauce

Noodle Soup Stuffed Paste Pot Momo

And all flour crops

Kill the donkey

No more cooking sheep and slaughtering cows

Dongshanqi

Wait until I return from the westward journey

land

There are many evil ghosts and hot winds in the sand river. If you encounter them, everyone will die, and no one will be safe. There are no birds above, no beasts below, and as far as the eye can see, if you want to find a place to cross, you don't know what to plan for. You can only use the bones of dead people as markers.

——Monk Faxian of the Jin Dynasty, "Buddha Kingdom"