Introduction to the Great Dome: The large dome in the center of the church hall was designed by Michelangelo, a famous Italian Renaissance art master. The dome is 43 meters in diameter and 138 meters high. It is surrounded by colorful glass windows and mosaics. There are eleven statues on the eaves, with the statue of Jesus Christ in the middle. There is a clock on each side of the eaves. The one on the right is Greenwich time, and the one on the left is Roman time. The sunlight shines down from the large dome and follows the 29-meter-high gilded bronze canopy designed by Bernini, illuminating the copper central altar with a brilliant golden light and dazzling brilliance.
The dome of St. Peter's Church was first designed by Bramante in 1506. After his death in 1514, Raphael succeeded him. After Raphael's death, the church borrowed Gothic design for the top of the church, emphasizing darkness. In contrast to the light, a rose window was adopted, and the dome was eliminated due to considerations of the contrasting effect of light at the entrance to the church; Michelangelo later took over this work at the age of 71, "to God , love for the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Peter”, the dome design was restored.