Introduction to snuff bottles: Originally used by a few nomadic peoples such as Manchus, Mongolians, and Tibetans in my country, there were only several types of snuff bottles made of copper, silver, and porcelain. After the Ming Dynasty, tobacco bottles were introduced to the Central Plains along with snuff, and the types continued to increase. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, many varieties of snuff bottles with interior paintings, jade, jade, gemstones, agate, enamel, etc. appeared on the market. Coupled with the improvement of craftsmanship, they were not only practical, but also became popular handicrafts. After Emperor Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty, the craftsmanship and painting of interior-painted snuff bottles had reached a very high level. The famous artists at that time included Zhou Leyuan in the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty, Ye Zhongsan in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and Ma Shaoxuan in the Republic of China period.