Introduction to small town architecture: Several-story small buildings on the hillside constitute the main body of Matera architecture. The buildings in the town are straight. The design often takes into account the utilization of lighting, wind direction and water. Water diversion and drainage both use the gravity of water. , allowing it to flow naturally, the water reservoir is in the center of the town, and the buildings are naturally divided by streets, alleys, terraces and steps, and the entire city is in a state of natural organization.