Introduction to the first and second caves: The two caves are twin caves, located at the east end of Yungang Grottoes. They were carved before Emperor Xiaowen moved to Luo. The cave has a square tower carved in the center and niches for statues on all sides. Two-story square tower pillars are carved in the center of the first cave. The standing statue of Maitreya is on the back wall. Most of the Buddha statues on the four walls are weathered and eroded. The reliefs of the Buddha's Jataka stories on the lower back part of the east wall are relatively well preserved. The main statue of the second cave is a Sakyamuni statue with a square in the center. It is a three-story pagoda with three pavilion-style Buddhist niches carved on the four sides of each floor. There is also a five-story small pagoda carved on the wall inside the cave. It is an image material for studying the architecture of the Northern Wei Dynasty. There are Vimalakia and Manjusri carved on both sides of the cave doors on the south wall of the two caves.